The main objective of this presentation is to offer a critical overview of the present nature of Mexico-US migration, taking into account the broad and intricate spectrum of labour relations that has arisen among both nations in the context of the economic integration process taking place under the influence of NAFTA. Its primary interest lies in penetrating the content and scope of this phenomenon, in an attempt to reveal the strategic role played by the exportation of Mexican labour in the process of USA's industrial restructuring, both within and beyond its borders. For this purpose, five critical dimensions of the phenomenon are analyzed: (a) the true face of the economic integration process between Mexico and the USA under the aegis of neoliberalism and NAFTA; (b) the new dynamics of Mexico-US migration; (c) the particular dialectic between Mexico's export-led growth model and the migration process; (d) the prevailing outlook that underlies public policy regarding migration and development; and (e) the responses and alternative approaches that have emerged from the rank and file of the migrant community itself.